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The following bibliography, drawn from some papers by
SGA and the Drs. Perez Garcia, and other sources, is
preliminary, a work in progress. I have added annotations or summaries to several of
them. Each item is at least peripherally related to IPT and scientific hypotheses
of how it works. As more publications are brought to our attention, we will add them to
the list. It is also a goal to briefly annotate or summarize many more of the
references. It is best, of course, to read the original articles, where the
connections are made more clearly.
Alabaster O, Vonderharr BK, Shafie SM. Metabolic
modification by insulin enhances methotrexate cytoxicity in MCF-7 human breast cancer
cells. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 17:1223-1228, 1981 Alabaster, a
respected researcher, showed that insulin makes methotrexate 10,000 times more effective
in killing breast cancer cells, at least in the test tube. Despite the potential
significance of this finding, it has been little cited. |
SGA SG, Perez Garcia y Bellón D, Perez Garcia Jr D.
Breast carcinoma treated by a regimen of low-dose chemotherapy and insulin: report of four
cases and pharmacokinetic considerations. Poster presentation at the Forty-second Annual
Symposium on Fundamental Cancer Research, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer
Center, October 24-27, 1989 In all four breast cancer cases,
complete recovery was obtained without surgery, radiation, or side effects. |
SGA SG, Perez Garcia y Bellón D, Perez Garcia Jr D.
Insulin plus low-dose CMF as neo-adjuvant chemohormonal therapy for breast carcinoma.
Presentation at the Third International Congress on Neo-Adjuvant hemotherapy, Paris,
France, February 6-9, 1991 Another presentation of IPT for
breast cancer. |
SGA SG, Perez Garcia y Bellón D, Perez Garcia Jr D.
Insulin potentiation therapy: a new concept in the management of chronic degenerative
disease. Med Hypotheses 20(2):199-210, 1986 This is the first
and the classic paper about IPT and its potential use for treatment of many different
diseases. Includes a discussion of the history of IPT. |
SGA SG, Perez Garcia y Bellón D, Perez Garcia Jr D.
Neoadjuvant low-dose chemotherapy with insulin in breast carcinomas. Eur J Cancer, 26,
1262-1263, 1990 A short summary of one case, in a prestigious
journal. |
SGA SG, Skaletski B, Mosnaim AD. Blood-brain barrier
passage of azidothymidine in rats: effect of insulin. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol
63:45-52, 1989 SGA's first laboratory experiment
testing the hypothesis that insulin can improve transport of drugs across the blood-brain
barrier. The results were significant but not overwhelming. It would be
interesting to do the same experiment using Ribavirin, the drug that the Drs. Perez Garcia
used with
good results on two AIDS patients. |
Bailar JC, Smith EM. Progress against cancer? N Engl J Med
314:1226-1232, 1986. |
Bar RS, Roth J. Insulin receptor status in disease status
of man. Arch Int Med 137:474-481, 1977 |
Burdett E, Beeler T, Klip A. Distribution of glucose
transporters and insulin receptors in the plasma membrane and transverse tubules of
skeletal muscle. Arch Biochem Biophys 253:279-286, 1987 |
Cheng K, Larner J. Intracellular mediators of insulin
action. Ann Rev Physiol 47:405-424, 1985 |
Clarke WL, Santiago JV, Thomas L, et al. Adrenergic
mechanisms in recovery from hypoglycemia in man: adrenergic blockade. Am J Physiol
236:E147-E152, 1979 |
Colman PG, Harrison LC. Structure of insulin/insulin-like
growth factor-1 receptors on the insulinoma cell, RIM-m5F. Biochem biophys Res Commun:124,
657-662, 1984 |
Cryer PE, Tse TF, Clutter WE, and Shah SD. Roles of
glucagon and epinephrine in hypoglycemic and nonhypoglycemic glucose counter regulation in
humans. Am J Physiol 247:E198-E205, 1984 |
Cryer PE. Glucose homeostasis and hypoglycemia. William RH
(Ed), Textbook of Endocrinology. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, p. 989-1017, 1985 |
Cryer PE. Glucose homeostasis and hypoglycemia. Williams
RH (Ed), Textbook of Endocrinology. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, p. 989-1017, 1985 |
Cullen JK, Yee D, Sly WS, et al. Insulin-like growth
factor receptor expression and function in human breast cancer. Cancer Res 50:48-53, 1990 |
Dorr RT, Von Hof DD. Cancer Chemotherapy Handbook (2nd
edition). Appleton & Lange, Norwalk, CT, 1994 |
Eddy DM. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone
marrow transplantation for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol
10(4):657-670, 1992 |
Emerman JT, Siemiatkowski J. Effects of endocrine
regulation of growth of a mouse mammary tumor on its sensitivity to chemotherapy. Cancer
Res:44, 1327-1332,1984 |
Fink M, Abenhardt W, Ostermayr B, Berger M. Insulin and
diazoxide for treatment of cancer: results of clinical pilot studies. Oncologie
14:158-164, 1991 |
Forgue-Lafitte ME, Horvat A and Rosselin G. Insulin binding by a cell
line (HT29) derived from human colonic cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 14:123-130,
1979. |
Gasparro FP, et al. Receptor-mediated photo-cytotoxicity:
synthesis of a photoactivatable psoralen derivative conjugated to insulin. Biochem Biophys
Res Comm 141:502-509, 1986 |
Gerich H, Davis J, Lorenzi M, et al. Hormonal mechanisms
of recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia in man. Am J Physiol 236:E380-E385, 1979 |
Goustin AS, Leof EB, Shipley GD, Moses HL. Growth factors
and cancer. Cancer Res 46:1015-1029, 1986 |
Gross GE, Boldt DH, Osborne CK. Perturbation by insulin of
human breast cancer cell kinetics. Cancer Res 44:3570-3575, 1984 |
Heidenreich KA, Olefsky JM. Metabolism of insulin
receptors. p 63 in Molecular Basis of Insulin Action (M.P. Czech, editor) Plenum Press,
New York, 1985 |
Hilf R. The actions of insulin as a hormonal factor in
breast cancer. In: Pike MC, Siiteri PK, Welsch CW, eds. Hormones and Breast Cancer, Cold
Spring Harbor Laboratory, 317-337, 1981 |
Holdaway IM, Freisen HG. Hormone binding by human mammary
carcinoma. Cancer Research 37:1946-1952, 1977 |
Jacquillat C, Weil M, Bailout F, et al. Results of
neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the breast-conserving treatment of 250
patients with all stages of infiltrative breast cancer. Cancer 66:119-129, 1990 |
Jaques G, Rotsch M, Wegmann C, et al. Production of
immunoreactive insulin-like growth factor 1 and response to exogenous IGF-1 in small cell
lung cancer cell lines. Exp Cell Res:176, 336-343, 1988 |
Jeffcoat R and Jame AT. The regulation of desaturation and
elongation of fatty acids in mammals. Numa S. (Ed), Fatty Acid Metabolism and its
Regulation. Elsevier Science Publishers BN. p.85-112, 1984 |
Jeffcoat R. The biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids
and its control in mammalian liver. Essays Biochem 15:1-36, 1979 |
Kahn RC, White MF. The insulin receptor and the molecular
mechanism of insulin action. J Clin Invest 82:1151-1156, 1988 |
Kern DH, Chien F, Morton DL. Selective effects of insulin and hydrocortisone
on colony formation and chemosensitivity of human tumors in soft agar. Int J
Cancer 33:807-812, 1984. |
Kiang DT, Bauer GE, Kennedy BJ. Immunoassayable insulin in
carcinoma of the cervix associated with hypoglycemia. Cancer 31:801-804, 1973 |
Kono T. Translocation hypothesis of insulin action on
glucose transport. Federation Proc 43:2256-2257, 1984 |
Lee PDK, Rosenfeld RG, Hintz RL, Smith SD.
Characterization of insulin, insulin-like growth factors I and II, and growth hormone
receptors on human leukemic lymphoblasts. J Clin Endocr Metab 62: 28-35, 1986 |
Mountjoy KG, Holdaway IM, Finlay GJ. Insulin receptor
regulation in cultured human tumor cells. Cancer Research 43:4537-4542, 1983 |
Myal Y, Shiu RPC, Bhomick B, Bala B. Receptor binding and
growth promoting activity of insulin-like growth factors in human breast cancer cells
[T-47D] in culture. Cancer Res 44:5486-5490, 1984 |
Nakanishi Y, Mulshine JL, Kasprzyk PG, et al. Insulin-like
growth factor-1 can mediate autocrine proliferation of human small cell lung cancer cell
lines in vitro. J Clin Invest:82, 354-359, 1988 |
Oleesky S, Bailey I, Samos S, Bilkus D. A fibrosarcoma
with hypoglycemia and a high serum insulin level. Lancet 2:378-380, 1962 |
Osborne CK, Bolan G, Monaco ME, Lippman ME. Hormone responsive human
breast cancer cells in long-term tissue culture: effect of insulin. Proc Natl
Acad Sci USA 73:4536-4540, 1976. |
Oster JB, Creasey WA. Enhancement of cellular uptake of
ellipticine by insulin preincubation. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 17:1097-1103,1981 |
Oztas B, Kucuk M, Sandalci U. Effect of
insulin-induced hypoglycemia on blood-brain barrier permeability. Experimental
Neurology 87:129-136. |
Papa V, Constance CR, Brunetti A, et al. Progestins
increase insulin receptor content and insulin stimulation of growth in human breast
carcinomas. Cancer Res 50:7858-7862, 1990 |
Papa V, Pezzino V, Costantino A, et al. Elevated insulin
receptor content in human breast cancer. J Clin Invest 86:1503-1510, 1990 |
Pardridge WM, Eisenberg J, Yang J. Human blood-brain
barrier insulin receptor. Jour. Neurochem. 44(6):1771-1778, 1985 |
Pardridge WM. Strategies for delivery of drugs
through the blood-brain barrier. Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry
20(1985):305-313, 1985. |
Pardridge WM (moderator), Oldendorf WH, Cancilla P, Frank
HJL (discussants). UCLA Conference - Blood-brain barrier: Interface between internal
medicine and the brain. Ann Int Med 105:82-95, 1986 In this
and one or two other papers, Pardridge of UCLA demonstrated that insulin can indeed assist
the passage of drugs across the blood-brain barrier. I met Pardridge at a conference
of the Society of Neuroscience and asked him why he never followed up on this. He
said that doctors would never use insulin in this way because of their worries about the
danger of hypoglycemic shock. |
Paridaens R, Klijn JGM, Julien JP, et al. Chemotherapy
with estrogenic recruitment in breast cancer: experimental background and clinical studies
conducted by the EORTC breast cancer cooperative group. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 22:728,
1986 |
Pavelic K, Odavic M, Pekic B, et al. Correlation of
substance(s) immunologically cross-reactive with insulin, glucose and growth hormone in
Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. Cancer Lett 17:81-86, 1982 |
Pavelic K, Popovic M. Insulin and glucagon secretion by
renal adenocarcinoma. Cancer 48:98-100, 1981 |
Pavelik K, Bolanca M, Vecek N, et al. Carcinomas of the
cervix and corpus uteri in humans: stage-dependent blood levels of substance(s)
immunologically cross-reactive with insulin. J Natl Cancer Inst 68:891-894, 1992 |
Pavelik L, Pavelik K, Vuk-Pavlovic S. Human mammary and
bronchial carcinomas: in vivo and in vitro secretion of substances immunologically
cross-reactive with insulin. Cancer 53(11):2467-2471, 1984 |
Peacock JL, Gorschboth CM, Norton JA. Impact of
insulin on doxorubicin-induced rat host toxicity and tumor regression. Cancer
Research 47, 4318-4322, 1987. |
Perez Garcia Sr D. (La permibilidad celular como base en el tratamiento
radical de la sifilis: tratamiento de la neuro-sifilis y de la sifilis por la
insulina). Revista Medica Militar 1(2):1-10, 1938 |
Porte D, Halter JB. The endocrine pancreas and diabetes
mellitus. Williams RH (Ed), Textbook of Endocrinology. W.B. Saunders Company,
Philadelphia, p. 742-749, 1981 |
Poznansky MJ, Singh R, Singh B, Fantus G. Insulin: Carrier
potential for enzyme and drug therapy. Science 223:1304-1306, 1984 Another paper indicating that insulin could help in drug transport. |
Reaven GM. Pathophysiology of insulin resistance in human
disease. Physiol Rev: 75 (3) 473-486, 1995 |
Rizza RA, Cryer PE, Gerich JE. Role of glucagon,
catecholamines, and growth hormone in human glucose counter regulation. J Clin Invest
64:62-71, 1979 |
Rosen OM. After insulin binds. Science 273:1452-1457, 1987 |
Schilsky RL, Bailey BD, Chabner BA. Characteristics of
membrane transport of methotrexate by cultured human breast cancer cells. Biochem
Pharmacol 30:1537-1542, 1981 |
Schilsky RL, Ordway FS. Insulin effects on methotrexate
polyglutamate synthesis and enzyme binding in cultured human breast cancer cells. Cancer
Chemother Pharmacol 15:272-277, 1985 |
Schnetzler MB, Rubin JB, Pilch PF. Structural requirements
for the transmembrane activation of the insulin receptor kinase. J Biol Chem
261:15281-15287, 1986 |
Shafie S, Brooks SC. Effect of prolactin on growth and the
estrogen receptor level of human breast cancer cells [MCF-7]. Cancer Res 37:792-799, 1977 |
Shames JM, Dhurandhar NR, Blackard WG. Insulin-secreting
bronchial carcinoid tumor with widespread metastases. Am J Med 44:632-637, 1968 |
Shinitzky M, Henkart P. Fluidity of cell membranes -
current concepts and trends. Int Rev Cytol 60:121-147, 1971 |
Simon GS, Dewey WL. Narcotics and diabetes. I. The
effects of streptozoticin-induced diabetes on the antinociceptive potency of morphine.
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 218(2):318-323. |
Simon GS, Borzelleca J, Dewey WL. Narcotics and
diabetes. II. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes selectively alters the potency of
certain narcotic analgesics. Mechanism of diabetes-morphine interaction.
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 218(2):324-329. |
Sporn MB, Todaro GJ. Autocrine secretion and malignant
transformation of cells. N Engl J Med 308:487-490, 1980 |
Spring-Mills E, Stearns SB, Smith TH, et al.
Immunoreactive hormones in human breast tissues. Surgery 94(6):946-950, 1983 |
Stewart AJ, Johnson MD, May FEB, Westley BR. Role of
insulin-like growth factors and type I insulin-like growth factor receptor in the estrogen
stimulated proliferation of human breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 265:21172-21178, 1990 |
Terasaki T, Pardridge WM. Restricted
transport of Y—azido—Y— deoxythymidine and dideoxynucleosides through
the blood—brain barrier. J Inf Diseases 158:630—632, 1988. |
Van der Burg B, de Laat SW, van Zoelen EJJ. Mitogenic
stimulation of human breast cancer cells in a growth-factor defined medium: synergistic
action of insulin and estrogens. In: Brescani F, King RJB, Lippman, ME, Raynaud JP, eds.
Progress in Cancer Research and Therapy, vol. 35: Hormones and Cancer 3. New York, Raven
Press, Ltd. 231-233, 1988 |
Van Wyk JJ, Graves CD, Casella SJ, Jacobs, S. Evidence
from monoclonal antibody studies that insulin stimulates deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis
through he type I somatomedin receptor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 61:639-643, 1985 |
Warburg O. The metabolism of carcinoma cells. J Cancer Res
9:148-163, 1925 |
Wong M, Holdaway IM. Insulin binding by normal and
neoplastic colon tissue. Int J Cancer 35:335-341, 1985 |
Yoshimasa S, et al. A new approach to the detection of
autoantibodies against insulin receptors that inhibit the internalization of insulin into
human cells. Diabetes 33:1051-1054, 1984 |
Zaph J, Froesch ER. Insulin-like growth
factor/somatomedins: structure, secretion, biological actions and physiological role.
Hormone Res 24:121-130, 1986 |
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